A synopsis of the genus Gentlea (Myrsinaceae) and a key to the genera of Myrsinaceae in Mesoamerica.

\jP Biodiversity
fe^HeriUge

http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org

SIDA, contributions to botany.

[Dallas :W. F. Mahler, etc.]1962-
http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/81 1 3

V.17 (1996): http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/34588
Page(s): Page [697], Page 698, Page 699, Page 700, Page 701, Page 702, Page 703, Page

704, Page 705, Page 706, Page 707

Contributed by: Missouri Botanical Garden
Sponsored by: Missouri Botanical Garden

Generated 6 September 2010 6:50 PM
http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/pdf3/004150300034588

This page intentionally left blank.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS GENTLEA

(MYRSINACE AE) AND A KEY TO THE GENERA

OF MYRSINACEAE IN MESOAMERICA

JON M. RICKETSON

Misso/ni Botiiuiuil Gardm

P, 0. Box 299

St. Lo/m. MO 63166-0299. US. A.

jrkketsun (s^'iehuicDiiL moboL org

JOHN J. PIFOLY III

Bokiiuail Research hutltiite of Texas

309 PeCifn Street

fort Worth. TX 76102-4060. U.S.A.

Jp/pa/yi9'fjr/t.org

ABSIRACyr

An Lipdiucd descriprion of the genus (je^iUa anil its taxonomic synonyms is provided,
along with a key and a nomcnciatural summary fur its nine species. Nine binomials are
newlv relegated to synonymy, and rhicc taxa are excluded. Ilehenhna Banks, once thought
to occur in the Neotropics, is shown to be monorypic, and known only from the Canary
Islands, necessitating the new cnnihmation G't-f^f/af pefu/u/{f/ora (A. DC) Ricketson ik Pipol).
To facihtate identification of members of the genus Gcfnltd, a key to the genera (>[
Mesoamerican Myrsinaceae is also provided.

Seaporta un resun^ien nomenclaiural para las niievc especies del genero Cjirnka. Se incluye
una descripcion actual izada del genero con una clave para se|xu ar las especies. Se comjirobo
que el genero HebtrJef//a es monotfplco, y ristringido a las Is las Can arias, resultando la
luieva combinacion Gifif/c,/ f^'Hchilifhini (A. DC) Ricketson & Pipoly, Para facilitar la
idenrificacion del genero, se ofrece una clave |>ara separar los gcneros mesoamericanos de la
fiimiha Myrsinaceae. Tambien se oJrece una clave para todos los taxa del genero Gentler, se
enumeran sinonmios tan to nonienclatu rales como raxondmicos, Se relegan nueve bmomios
a la sinonimia, y se exciuyen tres taxa de! genero.

INI HODL C:iIC)N

The neotropical genus Geutlea Lunclell, as liere circumscribed, comprises
nine species, ranging From Mexico to Peru. The genus occurs primarily in
upper cloud and elfin forest formations, and is defined by long exerted
stamens with minute dorsifixed cordate anthers, an elongated style, and
terminal inflorescences that are short-pedunculate or subsessile, and when
paniculate, generally broader than long. The genus has been confused with

SiDA 17(4): 697-707. 1997

698

■A

Si DA 17(A)

Cyhhiiiib/fs and with An//s/a, but given the confusion surrounding i^^cnL-ric
delimitation in the family, we present a key to all Mesoamcriean genera
below.

KHV TO C^rNrRA OF MYRSfNACHAC IN Mi:SOAMr-lUC:A

1. Calyx closed in biul, iriTt^Lihirly ()i>L'niiii^ iiuo 2-H lobes witliiii rhc sumv

innoresccnce. ^_ Gcissajuhus

1. (,Lilyx open in L)ud, t>penin^u \ma {^-y\-'^i-(i) lobes, ilie mimher of'cah^x
lobes per flower ccJiisisanr with in one inflorescence.
2. Calyx and corolla lobe valvate in btcd.

.V Mowers l^tisexoal; inflorescences [laniculare, l<Kn^er than tlie petioles;
branchlers romc nrose wirh srelhue or dendroid rrichomes; calyx and
corolla r(Hiien:oseand i^laiukilar-papillose; anthers bn^uht )'el,luw; style

elon>;are. , ^ Parathesi^

3- Mowers Lnn^exLial; niilorescences ^^lomerL;late, un^bellare or rarely in
reduced corymbs, much shorter rhan the ju-tiole-s; branchlers t^labroLis
or when romentose. tlien wuli sim[de [rit lunnes; calyx aiul corolla ^j^la-
brous or rlie corolla sometimes ^ulandiilar-jxipdlose alont^ the martjin

within; anthers cream to whtre; style obsolete ov reduced Myrsine

2. Calyx and corolla quincuncial, imbricate (ali hough sometimes inct^nspicLi-
ous) or ct)nLorrei.l m l>Lkl,

4. I-ihmie[us connate basal ly to form a staminal tube a^hiate to rhe
corolla tul)e,

"3. hiflorescence lateral (axjilary); corolla tufx^^iandLilar-^uranulose

ir least at the junction of tlie rube and lobes. Cvbianthu^

5^ Inflorescence terminal; corolla rube ^^!andular-]>L]l)erLikair iir base.

■ ■ ' ■ ,.,.„....... .......,,,,,,„ — _. SynardiNia

A. Filaments free from L^ach oiher and Tree iVom or variously adnate to
the corolla iiil>e.

6. [^1 laments adnate lo rhe cored la; anthers less than 3 rimes Ioniser
than wide.

7. filaments exserted, more than 6 rimes longer than the anthers;

plants of eUni and cloud forests. ,, Gentlea

7, Filaments included, shorter tlian or as lon^^ as the anthers; plants

of montane tt) k>wland forests St\loLniie

6, I I laments free from corolla; anthers at least S times Ioniser rhan
wide.

S. Petals connate I '1 rheir lent^th; en irks uniseriate. the placenta-

tion (ree-ceEirral .,,. Cienardisia

S, Petals connate up to 1 '^ their length; ovules pluriseriate, the

placenration basal. Ardisia

In preparing a treatment of the ^enus iav l^lora Mesfkamrianui, it iT^ecame
necessary to assemble com[^lete synonymies and bibliogra[^hic references
f()r Gentlea. Because of the somewhat abbreviated lormat of the l'lo}\u the
present synopsis is intended to ]ut)\'icle a complete nomenclator for Gc////e,/,
whi( h has been poorly understood.

RiCKi^TSON AND PiPOLYj Gentlea in Mesoamcrica 699

TAXOXOMIC iRrATXfnNT

Gen tie a Liindell, Wrightia 3: 100, 1964, Type-. Snxns: CifUlea vtmsissnfui (lUifz &

Pavnn) Lundell. Anlhitf Swartz subgea. Witlleniopsis Mez in En^i^l . Pflanzcnr, IV,
236 (Heft 9):77. 1902.

Dioecious shrubs or small trees. Ltaves aire mate, penolate. hiflorescmces
terminal, paniculate with corymbose branches, broader than long, short-
pedunculate or subsessile, rarely umbellate or a reduced to a solitary flower;
floral bracts thin, caducous. tUowers l{^6)-merous, unisexual, pedicellate;
sepals inconspicuously imbricate, connate basal ly or nearly free; petals con-
nate 1/4-1/2 their length into tube, the lobes imbricate in bud, spreading
and sometimes appearing vatvate ar anthesis; stamens exserted, the fila-
ments long and slender, more than 6 times lt)nger than the anthers, the
anthers minute, cordate, dorsi fixed, epunctate or inconspicuously glandu-
lar-punctate dorsally; ]Mstil ovoid or subglobose, the style slender, shorter
or sometimes subequaltng the corolla, the stigma punctiform, minute; ovules
few to many, in 2 or more series, fnni subglobose, one-seeded, exocarp
thin, often drying cos rate.

A small distinctive genus of nine species ranging from Jalisco, Mexico
to Venezuela, Colombia and Peru. Members of the genus occur in upper
cloud and elfin forest formanons, Gciitivti can be confused with An/is /a in
fruit, except that the inflorescence of those with panicles is wider than long
(rare in An/isia), and the fruit is either inconspicuously or conspicuously
cosrate (smooth in Anlis'ici),

KEY TO SPHCII-S OF GliSTLUA

L Inflcjrescence umbellate or rarcK a solitary flower .-. 1. G. (^cnduliflora

1 . Inflorescence paniculate.

2. Leaf blades elliptic or rhombic, densely lcpid(3te below, the margin slightly

to deeply creniilare in the distal 1/2 ^ ^^ - 2. G. vatteri

2. Leaf blades oblanteolate, obovare or oblong, glabrous or with scattered
trichomes below, of various shapes excepr lepidote scales, the margin en-
tire to crenulate or serrate w^uh ueerli uniiorm tiirought)Ut,
3. Intlorescence rachis and pedicels glabrous.

4. Leaf margins entire ^-^ ^ ■■. 3- G. standleyi

4. Leaf margins crenulate to serrulate.

5. Leaf margins crenulate; petals translucent-leprdote abaxially.

, ,..._ 4* G, crenuUita

5, Leaf margins serrulate: petals glabrous abaxially. 5. G. tacanensis

3. Inflorescence rachis and }X'd]cels glabrate, with a few scattered hirfu-
raceous scales or simple, glandular tnchtjnies, or tomenrose witli simple
or dendroid trichomes.
6. Indorcscence rachis and peduncle romentose, \vith a dense mat of

simple or dendroid hairs.

7. Leaf blades chartaccous, 0.3 - 1 -5(-l .8) cm wide, inconspicuously

^f'^> Si DA 17(^1)

pellucitl-pLinctiire. the stromlary anti rcrriary veins iiic(iiis]iicii[)us;

sepals 0.8-1.2 mm lont^ 6. (1. lanciloliii

7, Ix-al hliiLlc-s srillly t liarniceous ra siibcorKKeous, ( 1 1 .5-)2. 0-6,0 Lm
wick-, promiiu-iuly bhitk pimtrace abaxially, the secondary ami
tertiary vcnarion proiniiu-iui) niisetl; sepals 1.5-2 mm lon^.

7, G. venosissima

6. liillorescence rat iiis and jx-daiKle ^labrate, with a l-'ew appressed
orere( r, scattered, simple or sessile ,^lalulular trichnmes.
H. Pedicels with appressetl ularulular rrichdmes; sepals 1 .2-1 .8 mm
lon.t;; petals 5-6 mm long; leat'blades 2-6(-cS.5)cm loni;, 1-2. *)
(-}.'>) cm wide 8. G. austinsmithii

8. [\-dicels with mostly eret r, simple or i,dandiilar hairs; sepals 2-.^
mm li)n^'; petals ^.l—'\.2 mm loti.i;: leaf blades (7.5-) I ()-2.t cm Itmsf.
(2.'>->t.'3-6.'> cm wide ........9. G. micranthera

I. Gentica penduliHora (A. DC.) Pipuly & Rickctson, coml), nov. Mynn/c

litiuh/lifloiu A. DC, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 1 10. iSri. UilM\iau,i Ihini/iiiflm-a
(A. DC.) Mtv. in [:n^l., Pnatizinr. IV. 236 (Heft 9):\Y). 1902. Tvfi;: Gilqiics l'/.
AUxu/ue t. 7.^9. 1.S74 (hoi.otyp! : d, F! as photo- f neg. no. .^0749).

Upon review of the genus Gvnlk'^i, it became obvious tliar Htbend-uid
peudidijlnni could nor be sepiiriireJ from it except for the inilorescence type,
lairther examination of the type i^\' I (t'henloiia exalsn re\'ealed tliat there
were .significant tUfferences between that raxon and H. jKinl/fljflnya. There-
fore, transfer of lli^berden'iu pendidiflnru to GeuiUa leaves Uelmdvri'in a mono-
typic genus known |>rimarily from rhe Canary Islands. Ht'lmxhths, as here
circum.scribed, is characterized by having included stamens with filaments
adnate to the corolla 1/2 their length and dorsi fixed, reflexed anthers;
greenish petals thick and "leathery," with few black punctations, and tlie
adaxiaj surface densely covered wirli very short papillae. While llehmknui
excels^ superficially shares leaf and inflorescence characters witli Cn-utU'ct
pcnii/iliflorc!, the latter differs from the former in having exerted stamens
with mjiiute, erect, dorsi fixed anthers and finallv, membranaceous jietals,
with conspicuous reddish or black punctations, pink-whire in color, and
glabroLis tlir{)ughour.

Despite rhe face that Ccntiai pcinh/Iifluyii differs frt)m the rest t)f the spe-
cies in the genus by its inflorescence of umbellate flowers or rarely a soli-
tary flower, versus a paniculate inflorescence in other members of the ge-
nus, but its exserted sramens with minute, dorsi fixed anthers, elongated
style, and cosrate fruit indicate it is well placed m Cemlcci. There are vari-
ous examjiles of species in other genera with markedly reduced inflores-
cence structures, such as Myrsim' htdcvkem (Mez) Arechav., the only Myvsim
with an abbreviated raceme, Stylngym meiHlmnuicect Pi]x)ly, the only ^tying^ue
with two- flowered corymbs, Cyhuiuthiis fah'iuhn: Pijioly, the only <:;)/;^/;/;/?//.i-
with one flower or a two-flowered raceme appearing umbelliform, and

R[rKi:TSON A^T) PiPOLV, Gentlea in Mesoamerica 701

Ctenardhia stenohotrya (Standley) Pipoly & Lundell, the only Ctenanlisia whose
panicles bear flowers m umbels-

In attempting to locate the type o\ Geuilea penchiliflora^ study of the re-
sults from the Royal Botanical Expedition to Mexico led by Don Marrm de
Sesse and Jose Mariano Mociiio between 1787 to 1804 was necessary. Re-
sults from that expedition are well chronicled by Barkley (1945), Rickett
(1947), Wilson (1962), Arias Divito (1968) and McVaugh (1977, 1980,
1982). The expedition collected specimens that are housed at MA and their
duplicates were later distributed by Favon. However the most outstanding
contribution of the expechtion was the com miss it)ning of 2, {){)() w^arercolored
drawings of Mexican plants and animals. Work on tlie collections and draw^-
ings was sk>wed after the return of Sesse, the principal investigator, to a
Spain in political turmoil, and his subsequent death in 1809. Mocinogave
Augustin Fyramus de CandoUe a number of duplicate drawings and lent
him his manuscripts and the original drawings in 1813 when he was forced
to take asylum m France. Approximately 1 ,()0() color "copies^^ were made
of the original drawmgs before they were returned with Mocino ro Spain.
Unfortunately, the original drawings disappeared after the death of Mociiio
in 1819 and were not rediscovered until the 197()s when rhey were ac-
c]uired by the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation m Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, A significant number of new genera and species are based on
the collections chat were released by MA and the copies made by A.F. de
CandoUe between 18{)3 and 1874. Alphonse de Candolle (1874) distrib-
uted 10 sets of tracmgs of tlie color copies of the original made by his
father in 1817. Finally, tw^o posthumous w^orks of Sesse and Mocifio, PLniiae
Novae Hispauiae and riora MexiCcnid, were published between 1887 and
1 894, nearly a century after the expedition occured.

The above information is used to help illustrate the difficulty m track-
ing down the type o{ Geritlea pemlnliflora. Alpht)nse de Candolle first de-
scribed this taxon in 1834 based on 'Icon. Mexic. ined./^ the Sesse and
Mocino drawings. In his treatment of the Myrsinaceae for the DC.
Prodromus (1844), Alphonse lists only "Ex ic. ined. n- 739^ fl. mexic/' It
seems fairly clear that Alphonse de Candolle based this name solely on the
color copy in Geneva, since it appears rhat no actual collection is housed
presently at G from that period and it is unlikely rhat he studied the Sesse
and Mocifio Herbarium in Spain. Therefore, this is a holotype and no
lectotypification is needed. Tlie first plant collections at G do not appear
until the 1840s. In addition, since the originals disapj^eared for over 1 50
years and Alphonse de Candolle w^as only 10 years old when the originals
were returned to Spain, it js unlikely that they could have been used to
describe the taxon 17 years later. Comparison of the original drawing at

702

S][)A 17(4)

Hunt and rhc coj^y in Geneva are very similar with only slight, non-essen-
tial differences, owing to differences in the portions painted. Thus, we se-
lect the ori^t;ina! color copy in Geneva (t. 739) iis the lectorype. This draw-
ing; was phoroi2;raphed by the Field Museum of NatinTil History (Nei^, No.
30749) and photos are widely distributed in many herbaria. LJnfortiinarely,
the f)riLnnal ^Irawin^ now^ housed in the Torner Cx)nection at the Hu[it
InstJture for Botanical I>)cu mentation at tlie (Carnegie Mellon University
in Pittsburi^h, Pennsylvania, becomes nomenchiru rally irrelevant.

DLUrihifiio}! a!ul aviogy.— Genilcii pL}hl/{!iJlorii is infrequent in pine-oak
forests on sreep slopes and ahnig montane watercourses, 1,100-2, 9()() m
elevation, It is endemic to Mexico, in the states of Queretaro, Hidalgo,
Piiebla, Veracruz, Oaxaca ant! (diiapas.

2. Gcntlea vatteri (Standi. & Steyerm.) Lundell, Wriuhtia 3:102. 1964,

Anf/s/a /wm-T/ StaiKll. tS. Sa-^-L^nn., Puhl. licid Mus. Nat, Hist., [U)[. Sci\ 23:220.
1947. Tvim:: (JLfATFMALA, I Iiiiaa [■ irxANcn: Ccno I Initio, between Minianluiit;^
and YulluiiLz, Cerro ele lus Cuduiniatanes, ! ,'>()()-2/>()t) m, 1 I Jul 1942 (H), /,/L
Sttyenfu/rk 4H35H i\\n\(y\YV\: I!; isoivi^i: US!).

D/st)-//j////oj/ duci aoiogy. — Gentlai ralteri is locally common in the wet
cloud forests of Guatemala and El Salvador, at 1,500-3,300 m elevation.

3 . G c II t lea s tan d le yi Lu nd el 1 , Wr i^i^ h t ia 4 : 69 . 1 96S . /\ rJishr suimlley} ( Ld nd c 1 1 )

LuHLlciL F^hytolo^^ia 61:67. I 9-S6, Tvri:: COS I'A KICA. Hihi i^[,\: Cirnjs Jc XLircjuf,
NL nfSan Isiciro, 2.()()()-2,40C) m ((r), 03 Mar I 926, P.C. SmmlUy &J. Valaw yU6l3

(HcjtnTYPh: l)S[; isorypi': LL-TliX!).

/\n//w./if//}/orSiM\i.\l,]. Wash. AauLSti. \^o22. 1927, noni. ilk\q. non Kiii^ .s^ danihlc,
j. As i Lit. Soc. BeiiguL Pr. 2, Nat. Hisr. ^■i:]46. 1906. Syn, nuv, (Wfjika fj^/mr(Sidm{l)
LundcIL Wrii^hfia 3:iOi 1961, nom, ilk^^. Gemlv.i cmfdriieusis LiindcIL Wri^hua
6: I I ^. l9Sn. 'V\\n\ COSl'A RICA. 1 \\ kedia: C^yvo dr Zurt)ui, Nli ol San Isidro. aL

2J(J() m (ir). 03 Mar 1926. RC. Shnidhy &J. Vahrio .5057/ (iroixyrvPL: US')^

Dis!vii}iii!ou diuieioloii^y. — -Gi'iiika stinnlleyi is endemic to Costa Rica, ^m^ow-
in^ \\\ [>remontane wet forests, at 1,100-2,400 m elevation.

The type of- Ardisid ufnun^ was collected from the same locality, on the

same day as was the type o\ Geuilvd stuudky!^ and diflers {)nly slii^htly m

appearance. Lundell failed to compare his Gmtkci a/s/ar/ca/s/s to Gent lea
.stciin/leyL

4. Gentleacrenulata Lundell, Wri^^lltia (y.96. 1979, An/iuaMlnxra^ii limMl

Phy/o/oj^ra 61 :63^ 19tS6, non An/jsh/ iTtV/z/./fa C [.odd,, Bot. CaU, I : u 2. 18 1^, non
An/i.wa iTiw//aia Vvm., Chtnx PL. 1. ro. I HO \. I'vpe:: GD Al^EMAl.A. Haia Vi kaem/:
Nino l^-rdido, [M>!\k'riii^u Rio San josc\ S km N. in ht^qh foresr. on rop of hill, 27
May !977 (ll, Ir). C.L. Ij/m/JI & li. Oifitrvrns 2!i}{}4 tiiOLOTYPt:: LL-lliX!; [m.>tvi*|.:s:
CAS!. LL-'lHX! -2 siie-e isj.

DisfrHwl'Mw cinciecologyK — Because it is endemic to Guatemala and known

RiCKi:'rsoN A\[> P[roLV, Gcnrlea in MesoanuTica 703

only from the type collection, there is a dearth of information about its
ecology.

5. Gentlea tacanensis (Lundell) Lundell, Wrightia 3:105, 1964. Anlisia

imimemis Lvmd^W. Cniur Uiiiv. Michi^^an Merb. 4:2 K 1940. Tyfh: MEXICO. Chiapas:
west side of Voloin de 'Ihamd, 2.800 m, M) Mur 1939 (fl), E. Matmhi S-226 (i loi.o-
TVPr: MICH!; isotyphs: A!, F!, LL^TEX!, NYL US!).

Distyibiiiion cruel ecology, — Wet montane evergreen cloud forests, 1300-
3, ()(){) m elevation. Endemic to the area around Vol can Tacana on the
Chiapas, Mexico-San Marcos, Guatemala border and Volcan Tajumulco in
Guatemala,

6* Gentlea lancifolia Lundell, Phytologia 5S:273. 19^'3. Anlisui naibrnvina

LundelL Pliytoln^^ia 6 1 :65. 1 9HCi, mm An//s/a /dmifo/h/ Mvvv., Philip[T, J, Sci. 13:11 3-
191 S. Type:: HONDURAS. Imiiuca: betwcM.'ii Calaveras and El Duraznillo, Cordil-
lera Opalaca, 1 ,H()0 m, 1 2 ALar P.rO ([r}. A. Mo/n/a R. & AAi. Molina 25547 (hoi.o-
ii'pn: F!; isorvpi:: US!).

Distrihiflion ami ecology. — Montane rain forest to elfin forest and cloud
forests, 800-1, cSOO m elevation. Honduras and Nicaragua.

7. Gentlea venosissima (Rufz lS: Pavon) Lundell, Wrightia 3: 103. 19^4.

CifiMikrui vmosissimd Ru/z 8c Favon. Syst. Vc^q. Fl. Periiv. Cliil. 2tS2. 1798. Myrshit
vamsissima (Riii/ & Pave >n ) Stireim, Syst. Vru. I :664, 1825. Anhsur veimissinui (Rufz
& [^av6n)J.F Macbr., Fjtldiana. Hot. I 3: i H6. 1959, Typl: PERU. FIuAnuco: Miina.
wirhoiir elevation, IH78-18SS, (fl, ir), //. Riifz &J. Pavon .5/37 (Hoi.otyji^: MA,
n.v.. F ^sfe^^. 29508!),

A ni'tua prnpDiquci Ku nth in FL H . K . . Kdx. ( i e n . Sp . 7:213^ 1 8 2 r Sy n . \\m, Gvuilrn
prop/nqihi {KiintU) LuiidclL Wnghtia 4: 1 66. 19^ I - T^'PE':: VENEZUELA, Crescir juxra
ripani rtuminis Orinoci, witliour elevation or t^late (Ir), Uauibohlt & Bunpiarjcf s.n. (no-
rcrrYPP: P-BON!; LsoTVPr: P-B()N, F! as photo-F Ntc, 38723!).

Ardiua hraviflora A. DC., Prodr. .S:122. 1841. T/fa/s bveviflora (A. DC) Kuiitze. Revis.
Gen, PL 2:974. 1891. Typp: PERIL UuAkucu: Mufia, without elevation or date (Ir),
_/. Paro}/ (holotypp; G-BC)IS. [i.v., F! as photo-F Nei^. S524; isoitphs: F!, MA, n.vj,

/\;v//J7V/ mhhiso^iu Mez 'nf EngL. Pflanzenr. IV. 236 (HeCc 9):77. 1 902. Type: VENEZU-
ELA. MlKAN[:»A-AKA(ri:A: between Caracas and C;olonia 7ovar [pr(?pe coloniam Ibvar],
6,000 ft [1,829 m], 26 Mar IS^:^ (Tl), A. Pvmilcr 2J3~' (iioLOTYPi:: GH!).

An/nu nmanlha Donn, Smith. B(^t, (laz, 14: 1 I ^. I 907. Typi- COS'lA RICA, CAirrAOo:
vicinity of Cartai^o, 1,500 m. 19 Apr 1 906 (fl). W.R. Maxnn 44 ([lOi-OTYpr: NY!;
isoTYPi-s: us 2 SMi-Errs!).

Stylogyne phaemst^mmuiiyonw. Sni.. Bot, tLiz, -16: 1 I 3^ 1908. A n/ix/a phaenosiemma (Down.
Sm9 LundelL Wrightia 3:78. 196L "LviM.: CiUATEMALA. Alta Ymravaa: Coban,
1,350 m, Jun 1907 (fl), H. von T/irdbv/w IIHI4 (uolotyph: US!; isotypps: C!, CIH!,
LL-TEX!,NY!, US!)

Avi/is/a men Jens/. s' STtyf^mi'dTh, Fieldiana, Bot. 28:154. fif^, 95. 1953- Typp: VENEZU-
ELA. Mpkida: between Mncuehaehi and (;anagL]a. 1 .063-1,820 m, 6 May 19li (fl),
/A. S/eyennark 56325 (noi.OTYPE: F!; isOTYPrs: FL NYL VEN, n.vO

Gentlea tenuis Lundell, Wn^^htia 7:24, 1981. Syn. nov. Anlhia ]ttutolana Lundell,

704 SiDA 17(4)

Phyu>lui;ia 61:65. 19^6, mm Aniisid tauas hiindt^ll, Wnyluia 4:l4y. 1970. Tvfl:
MEXi(X) {jiiAPAs: i\f Linicipio clc Rayon, in the Sclva Neum 10 km above Rayon

Mcycalapa along rt)ad lo jia)U)L L"()() ivu 12 Dec 19^1 (tl), DA:, Bra^JIfn't' 23 I ^4
(iiOLOTYPE': Ff; ]stnTi>Ks: DS!, LL-T1:X!, MO!, NfY!).

D/sfr/b///iof/ uuJ trology. — MoiirajiL' rain torests, evergreen cloud forests,
premonrane wet forescs, l()C)-2 JOO m. The most widely distribLited spe-
cies of the genus, Geiilkii renos/ss/ma ranges from Oaxaca, Mexico soutli-
ward through Mesoamerica to Venezuela, C^olomhiaand Peru. It is expected,
but has not as yet been collected, in Fcuador.

In many broadly ranging species of Myrsinaceae, most of the taxonomic
overdescription for this species is attributable to rhe use of combniations of
quantitative featiires todefuie taxa and differences iji the expression of quali-
tative ones. PopLihuions corresponding to the typt of ArJ/su/ prop/^/c/z/i/ Kunth
are notable only for their slightly thinner leaves and less prominent punc-
tations. Tlie tyi^e of Anh.ua hwri flora is notable only for the sliiihtU' more
[x-rsi stent torn en rum of the Lipical buds and more highly branchetl inflores-
cences, 41ie type of Aniisid roh'nisoiin represents po|nilations from Colon ia
Tovar m Venezuela, with sepal apices sligluly more acute, and petal punc-
tations brown instead of bhick, The types oi Anlisiii menniibd and Siyloi^yae
phiii^uoslenioiiu are notable only for their more subsessile inflorescences and
acuminate leaf apices. Anlisia NiMrnk'USis is quantitatively and qualitatively
identical to the type of Gefiflta iwoshs/m/. Popuhitions corresponding to
the type of Geuiled ieii/iis are notable only in their very tJiin and jncons]^icu-
ously iHin crate sepals and petals. Another common [:»roblem is that the
species have fxen treated regionally, thiis names are rarely compared over a
range as large as Mesoamerica.

8. Gentlca austinsmithii (Lundell) Lundelb Wrightia 1:68. 1968. /W./nv./

i/mfhinmfffii LunJtlK Comr. Univ. Mithi^^an I kah. 7:36. 1 942. Tm>]: COSTA KICA.
AiAnai.A: lU;uiun t^f /arxcro, Palmira, a\. I .920 ni, 9 Dec 1937 (il), /\//i7/;/ Sw/f/j

A673 (iU)i.oTVPi-,: MK;!!!; isotvpi-.s: 1^7, MO!).

Gi'Ulliif molhidv Linuk'H, Wri^uluia 4:150. 1970. Syn. nnv. Ari//sh/ moluhn- (Lundrll)
lanultlh Fhyi()it)-ia 6I:()5, PJ.S6, Tvi']- iiONDLJRAS, La Pa/: Montana Venic on
(;ardilkraCa]a)ic]Lnr(>, P900 m. 23 Mar 1969(h), A. Molinj R. & AA{. M^/imf 24389
{[ioi.nrvF^i : U.-IT^X!: isorypi:s: F!, LUTI-:X!. NY!).

GiiHli'ii jhivnjh}i\{ LLindrll, Writ^htia 5:H9. 197"^, Syn, nnv. Anlisia jmyrissimd LLmdcll,
Flu'tnh^i^ia 61 :66. 19H6, nnn ArJ/^/a /h/rriflora 'lall:>t)t, Syst. list Trees, Boniliay cd, 2,
204. 1902. Tvpi: GUAITMALA. I^aja Vi-kapa/: l)nk>n liarnos, tn hi^h h^rcsr, on
top of hill, E ofkni 1 ^1 1 1 Apr i9^'> (jl). C.L. fjnhkll & I:. C*r)ii}XTas 19212 (Hoi.o^
TVFi : LL-TEX!; tsorvpiN: CIAS', Lk-TFX!).

Disirihi/iiiju iHici ecohji^y, — G cut lea iiiistinsfuiihn occurs in wet premontane,
montane, elfin and cloud forests, ant.1 along Wiitercourses in oak forests from
Guatemala to Panama at 4()() 2,300 m elevation.

The type of GV/z/Za/ uiulnun: Lundell, described in fruit, is notable only

Rk KiiTSON AND FiPO]^', Gentlea in Mesnanienca 705

for irs slightly longer petioles and more prominent pitting on the ubaxial
surface. PopuUirions represented by the lypto^ Gent lea jjarviflora differ from
the majority of populations of G^, ausf/ns////fhii because of their more
membranaceous leaves and slightly smaller flowers.

9. Gentlea micranthera (Donn.Sm.) Lundell, Wrightia 4:69. 1 96S. }\/ra//m/s

ifiicrafifhira Donn.Sm,, Boc. Gaz. IH:2{)5. 1893, non An/isu; micniuihmf Pirard in
Lecomce, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chinc 3:<S17, 1930. Antisiif micriiuiha Donn Sni.. Bot. Gaz.
14:27. lcSH9, nom. i!leg., non Ardnut ma-ranthd Kitnth in H.R.K , Nov. Cien. Sp.
3:246. IcSlH. Gtuika muTduilhi (Donn^SmJ Luiidcll, Wrightia 3:107. 1964, num.
ilk'^. Avdnw stcwunmd LundclK Wnghna 3:^S. 1963^ Tvpr: GUATEMALA. Aita
Vhkaj'az: mouncai]! forest near Cohan. 4.600 it [l/i02 ni], Mar, I S8H (fl), H. von
Tihrkham 1363 (uiniyrrvi-: US!; [sotvpus: F!, G!, GH!, LL-^TEX!, NY').

Genilai miTau^hii (Lundell) Linidfll, Wn^^hna 3:1 06. 1964. Syn, nov, Anlisid iNiVdd^hii
LundelL Wrighcia 3:77. 1963^ Tvpr: MFXICO. Jalisco: steep mountains 1 1-12 mi
S of Talpa de Allende, in the headwaters of a west branch of Ri'n de Tiilpa, barra[ica
above a rapid clear stream, I ,2(){U1 ,700 m, lS-1 9 Ocr 1 960 (fl), R. McVdNgh 20}96
(i[<)].(>[YPe: MICH!; [SorvPh: LL-TEXl, MEXU!).

Giutkii ann^i folia Lundcll, Wright ui 7:245. 19H3. Syn. nov. An/ism a/miffdui (Lundell)
Lundell, Phyrolo^uia 61:63. 19S6, 4'ypK: MEXICO. VKRACRir/: Municipio dc San
Andres Tiixtla, cerca del ayuaje en el ladn S del Vuican San Martm Tuxrhi, 1 ,2 50 m,
15 Feb 1972 (fr),^.//, Benmau & C. Alnmz del Castillo 57.5/ (molotvpi-:: LL-TEX!;
isoTYPLs: F!, MEXU!).

Gmtka a^friailata \xmAd\, Phytologia 58:27 i. 19^5. Syn. nov. Ardnia pamanriaiLita
Lundelh Phytologia 6l :66. 19S6^ vion Ardisia artnc/^lafa Donn.Sm., Bot. CTraz. 24:395.
1897. Typp: GUATEMALA. Zacapa: Sierra de Eas Minas, middle and upper south-
facm^ slopes ofVolciinCienxlos. 2,100-3,200 m, 26 Jan 1942 (fi, fr) J./t. Sieyenuark
43277 (iioixTrvpii: F!; lsotvim-s: EE-TEX!, US!),

Gentka maadata Lundeh, Pliytoloi^ia 5S:274. 1 9S5. Syn. nov. Avdisia morazammis EundelL
Phytoloi^ria 61:66. I9S6, non Ardisia maadata Poit. ex A. DG, Trans. Einn. Soc,
London 17:1 16. 1S34. Tvpi,: HONDURAS. Francisco Moka/an: on mcuintain Ea
Tii^ra, SW of San jLianeito, KS()0-2,100 m. 02 Feb 1966 (fl), A, Mulma R.. I.AX
William, W.C. Bz/rger & B. \iallaiia 16972 (Minxnypii: F!; isotyphs: NY!, US!).

DisinbiiiioH inn! tcoiogy. — Premontane, montane rain forests, evergreen
cloud forests, priniary forests, 900-3. 300 m. A widely distributed species,
from Jahsco, Veracruz and (Chiapas, Mexico to C^osta Rica.

The tyjie of Gentka wivcu^gbn represents po|:nilations with yellowish-
green (instead of green) flowers and very short inflorescences. Populations
correspond mg to the ryj^e of Gent lea a/neijolia are notable only for their
more cuneate leaf bases and inflorescence branches more densely glandular-
puberulent. The type o^ Gentlea nkunlata is notable only for its slightly
lon^^er flowers.

EXCLUDED KAMI'S

Ardisia mexicaiia Lundell, Wrightia 3^77- 1963. Ccmhd mexkana (\x\v\Ai:\\)

Lundell, Wn^htia 5:44. 1974. Typi:: MEXICO, Jalisco: crest of ridge facing the

7f^^> SfDA 17(4)

PaLilk\ 10 mi S of Aiirhin, ca. ^,^(K) It i I J 37 m], 20 Aut; 19.19 (il), /^/.. Wilhm &
C.R. Wilhfir 24^0 (]ini.uTVPi:.: LL!; isotyph: MICH!).

Hiis spc^cics is a member o( Anlisij SLibgenus Icacoreci (Aubl.) Mcz, on
accoLinr of its hirfuraceous-kpidotc leaves and ciliohire calyx mai\i;ins. 1 low-
ever, we have as yet to determine if tliis species has an earlier name in
Anfisiii,

Gcntlea latisqxila Lundell, Wriglitia 5:4. 1972: Type;: CllATl^MALA. I^aja

Vr.RAPA/: Cliilusco, on Conception Road, withoiir ck'varion, 29 Jul 1971 (fr), /:,
Oyntrvrds 1092^ (iiuurivpi:; LL-Ti;X!).

This species belongs to Anlisid Sub^^enus fcarom/ (Aubb) Mez, and spe-
cifically, to the A n//s/c/ ros/ar/rer/s/^ Limdell conif^lex of species. However, in
iht absence ol flowers, we have been unable to determine its exact system-
atic position.

Gentlca stevensii Lmidell, Wni^b/ia 6:97. 1979. A n/hia sfetw^;^ {Xuni]M)

UuKkll Phycologia 6 1 :6~'. 1 9H(k Trm- NIC:aR ACiUA, CnoK ivm.ks: ca. 2.8 km above

(N oO Ciiapa, -lOO-^OO ni, 2 1 Jan 1 9^S (fr), W:/). SU'Hw 6()'>3 (holotypl: LL-TE X!;
isol v]>i-: MO!).

This species is a synonym of An/is/a ileusifiorn Kriii^ ^ Urban. Upon
closer examination of the specimens, rheir sessile fruits and prom men tly
rugose calyx lobes leave no doubt as co the true identity of this taxon.

ArKNOWI.HDGMEN'lS

We thank rhe Missouri Botanical GiU\len and the Flora Mesoamericana
Projei r for funding that allowed J. Ricketson (MO) to rrave] to Forr Worth,
where he was joined by J. Pipoly (BKIT) on visits to the C.L. Lundell
ilerbarium (LL-TEX) iKuised ar the Ihiiversity of Texas at Austin. We are
grateful to the staff of TEX. esi^ecially Tom Wendt, Carol Tbdzia and RilHe
Lee Turner, for their cooperation and hospitality. We are also grateful to
rhe assistance given to us by Gerrit and Jeany Davidse, Linda Oestry and
Catherine Mayo (MO), Barney Lipscomb, Lindsay Woodruff, Stacy Miles
and Jim Rivers (BRIT). Our most sincere gratitude is also given to Rogers
McVaugh, who generously gave us information regarding rhe Sesse and
Mocino plates. VX^'e gratef Lilly acknow^ledge the assistance of James T White,
Curator of Art and Pnncipial Research Scholar at the Hunt Institute for
Botanical Documentation in Pittsburgh, who generously [provided us with
a coj-^y and slide of the original jilate of l{d}enleu'iu peihhilijhra. Charlotte
Taylor, (lerrit Davidse, and Barney Lipscomb reviev^^ed rhe manuscript and
pi'ovi ded helpful suggestions-

REFHiUiNCrS

Arjas Diveto, J C, 196s. Las lixprdiciones Ciriirificas Espanulas Durante el Siylo XVIII
427 jTp..59 plates, Real Jartlfn Horanito. Madrid.

RiCKFi'SON AND Pi POLY, Gent lea in Mesoam erica 707

BAKKun J FA. 1945^ Spanisli Botanical Expediticm rc> New Spain Ironi 1787 co 1804: T]u

Aniicardiaceae of Scsse and Mtjcino. Bic^logist 28:9-23-
CA\i[X)]j,i-:, A. Oc J.M. MociNo, and J.M. [>E SessiI, 1874. Calquts tics dcssins dc lu Bore

du McxiqiK% dc Mrjcinn cc Sessc qui imi scrvi de types d'especes dans Ic System a cui le

Prodromus, 10 pp., 1171 plates. Geneva.
LuNDiE.L, C.L. 1964, Studies of the American Myrsinaceae-II. Wrightia 3:97-1 14.
McVaugm, R, 1977. Botanical rcsiilrs of rheSesseand Moeino Expedition (1787-1803): 1.

Summary of Excursions and IVavcls. Gontr Univ. Michigan I lerb, 1 1:97-195.
1980, Botanical results of the Scsse and Mocino Ex]'>edition (1787— I 8{)3):

11. The Icones Florae Mcxicanue. Corun Univ. Michigan Herb. 14:99-1^0.

1982. Tlie lost paintings of the Sesse and Mocino Hxpeditioji: A newly

available resource. Taxon 31:691-692
RiCKi-TT, H.W. 1947. The Royal Botanical Expedition to New Spain. Ghron. Bot. 11:1-

86, plates 44-52.
WiisoN, I.H. 1962. Scientific aspects of Spanish exploration in New Sj^ain during the late

eighteenth century [i-xT 33{) pp Ph.D. thesis, LJniv. of Southern f California.